AMA backs targeted controls on recreational nitrous oxide use
15 Oct 2026
The AMA raised concerns in its submission to the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) about increasing recreational misuse of nitrous oxide, wider access through online sales and bulk buying, and the serious health risks associated with its misuse.
Misuse can cause severe nerve damage and harm linked to acute intoxication. The AMA also warned that some young people may underestimate the risks and delay seeking medical treatment.
Of the two options proposed by the TGA, the AMA supports Proposal 1, which it considers a more targeted approach. Under this option, non-refillable containers holding more than 10g of nitrous oxide would be prohibited for non-therapeutic use. Medical use would remain under Schedule 4, while smaller containers holding 10g or less for non-therapeutic use would remain in Schedule 6.
The second proposal would remove the existing Schedule 6 entry and classify nitrous oxide for non-therapeutic use as a Schedule 8 controlled drug, subject to exemptions.
While the AMA supports measures to limit bulk purchasing and the diversion of nitrous oxide, it does not support the second option. The association said it could expose young people to criminal penalties for possession and create extra compliance requirements for legitimate users.
Instead, the AMA recommends combining Proposal 1 with consistent retail controls across states and territories. These should address bulk purchases, online sales and age restrictions.
The AMA has also recommended several steps to support the changes, including:
- Clear start dates and transition arrangements.
- Consistent compliance guidance across jurisdictions.
- Stronger monitoring of online sales and advertising.
- Updated consumer warnings and safety information.
- Clinical guidance to help healthcare professionals recognise and manage harm caused by nitrous oxide misuse.
- Ongoing reviews to assess whether the changes are effective.
AMA backs targeted controls on recreational nitrous oxide use
Source: Australian Medical Association (AMA) — Submission on proposed amendments to the Poisons Standard.