Vapes May Cause Cancer, But Experts Say More Research Needed
31 Mar 2026
The study suggests vapes should not be relied on as a way to quit smoking. However, GP experts say it’s too early to rule out their use completely for people who haven’t succeeded with other quitting methods.
The study, led by researchers at the University of New South Wales and published in Carcinogenesis, reviewed research from 2017–2025. It found that nicotine-based e-cigarettes can cause pre-cancerous changes in oral and lung tissue.
Lead author Adjunct Professor Bernard Stewart said, “There is no doubt that the cells and tissues of the mouth and lungs are altered by inhaling e-cigarettes.” Co-author Associate Professor Freddy Sitas added that dual use of smoking and vaping can increase the risk of lung cancer compared to smoking alone.
The RACGP’s smoking cessation guidelines include e-cigarettes as a last-line option for smokers who have tried other methods without success. Professor Nick Zwar, Chair of the RACGP Smoking Cessation Expert Group, said while the new study is important, it doesn’t change the current guidance that vaping can still be a therapeutic option for some people.
Researchers urge a precautionary approach, especially given rising vaping among young Australians and the uncertainties around long-term health effects. They also highlight the need for stronger regulation to prevent widespread youth use.
Source: University of New South Wales, RACGP, Carcinogenesis