Complex GP Workload Calls for Health Policy Overhaul: New Study
05 Nov 2025
Published in the Australian Journal of General Practice, the Monash University research explored the “hidden complexity” of general practice using Australia’s first secure digital collection of real-world GP consultations. The study revealed that GPs often manage multiple issues across various health systems within a single 19-minute consultation.
Led by GP and Adjunct Professor Liz Sturgiss, the study analyzed 54 video-recorded consultations from four GPs in Melbourne. Key findings include:
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Patients raised an average of 5.5 health issues per consultation, ranging from musculoskeletal to psychological concerns.
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GPs discussed medications in almost every encounter (98 per 100 consultations).
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The study found significant administrative duties, such as arranging imaging, follow-up appointments, and dealing with social security or insurance paperwork, were part of 83% of consultations.
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Referrals to other health providers occurred in 40.7 per 100 consultations.
Professor Sturgiss stressed the importance of recognizing the complex nature of consultations, where multiple interconnected issues are often managed simultaneously. The study also pointed out the long-term relationships between GPs and their patients as vital to uncovering multiple health concerns.
In the study, GPs noted that health policies tend to focus on single health issues or body systems, but patients rarely present with just one concern. “When policymakers focus on isolated issues, they fail to understand the broader complexity of care within general practice,” said Professor Sturgiss.
For instance, managing a urinary tract infection (UTI) isn’t just about treating the infection itself; it involves preventive care, mental health support, and addressing chronic conditions—all of which should be part of the broader care plan.
The study advocates for a policy shift that acknowledges the full scope of GP work, moving beyond fragmented approaches to health care, and focusing on whole-person care. The authors argue that this shift is crucial to ensuring sustainable and high-quality health services, particularly in general practice.
Source: Australian Journal of General Practice, Monash University study