Concerns Raised Over Unplanned Pregnancy Risks Linked to GLP-1s”
10 Sep 2025
Australian research highlights association between GLP-1 therapies and unintended pregnancies, reinforcing the importance of GPs addressing reproductive health planning.
Researchers are warning that many women taking popular weight loss and diabetes drugs known as GLP-1 receptor agonists may not realise the risk of unplanned pregnancies or the potential safety concerns for unborn babies.
A major study by Flinders University looked at medical records from more than 1.6 million women aged 18–49 who visited GPs between 2011 and 2022. It found:
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Out of 18,010 women prescribed GLP-1 drugs, only 21% reported using contraception.
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2.2% became pregnant within six months of starting treatment.
Doctors say this is a wake-up call for GPs to routinely discuss family planning and contraception with women who are prescribed GLP-1 medications.
Why pregnancy risk is higher
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Weight loss improves fertility – especially for women with conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This can lead to unexpected pregnancies.
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Some GLP-1 drugs, such as tirzepatide (Mounjaro), may also reduce how well oral contraceptives work by slowing absorption in the stomach.
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Animal studies have raised concerns about possible risks to foetal growth and bone development if exposed during pregnancy.
Prescriptions on the rise
GLP-1 drugs like Ozempic, Wegovy, and Mounjaro are becoming increasingly popular in Australia, not just for diabetes but also for weight management. In 2022, almost 91% of new prescriptions for women were not for diabetes, suggesting most were being used for weight loss.
What doctors recommend
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Contraception should be discussed before starting GLP-1 treatment.
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If planning a pregnancy, women should stop the medication at least two months before trying to conceive.
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GPs should document pregnancy intentions and follow safe prescribing guidelines.
Dr Ka-Kiu Cheung from the RACGP stressed:
“With the increasing use of GLP-1 receptor agonists, it is important that GPs actively address reproductive health considerations in women of child-bearing age.”
Dr Terri-Lynne South, GP and dietitian, added that while early reports are somewhat reassuring, more research is needed on how these medications might affect fertility, pregnancy, and even sperm and egg health before conception.
The bottom line: GLP-1 drugs can be effective for weight loss and diabetes, but women of childbearing age need clear advice about contraception and pregnancy planning before starting treatment.
(Source: RACGP)
