Why early cognitive decline should be part of GP care
06 Feb 2026
Early presentationsknown as subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI)—don’t always meet criteria for dementia but represent a critical opportunity for early intervention.
SCD occurs when patients notice their cognition worsening, even if standard screening tools like the MMSE or MoCA appear normal. MCI involves measurable cognitive changes while daily functioning remains largely intact. Around one in five Australians over 70 have MCI, and about a third of these may progress to dementia within three to five years. However, progression is not inevitable, and addressing factors such as depression, sleep problems, medications, or vascular risks can stabilise or even improve cognition.
GPs are in a prime position to act. Preventive care strategies—including optimising cardiovascular health, supporting exercise, reviewing medications, and encouraging cognitive and social engagement—can help slow decline.
Research programs like CogCoach-Health provide GPs with a low-burden referral pathway for adults 65+ with SCD or MCI. The online program offers personalised guidance from exercise physiologists, dietitians, and cognitive engagement practitioners, with structured 12-month monitoring of cognitive and behavioural risk factors—all without adding to GP workload.
Dr Marita Long from Dementia Australia says the trial gives motivated patients a proactive option: “I can direct them to the website or complete the digital EOI with them, knowing the research team manages consent, screening, and follow-up.”
With dementia cases expected to more than double by 2065, identifying early cognitive changes and addressing modifiable risks allows GPs to intervene upstream—before dementia develops—helping patients stay engaged in their care and improving long-term outcomes.
GPs can refer eligible patients to CogCoach-Health via the study website. More guidance on dementia care is available in the RACGP Red Book: Guidelines for preventive activities in general practice.
Source: Dementia Australia / RACGP
