What Are Steroids?

Steroids are natural hormones made by the body. Our bodies make different types of steroids.
Some are essential for life. Without them, we cannot survive.

Why Steroids Are Important

Steroids help control inflammation in the body. Doctors use them to treat many medical conditions. Some steroids are known as sex hormones and play an important role in growth, metabolism, and sexual health. They can also affect mood, which is one reason they are sometimes misused.

How Steroids Work

When taken in higher amounts than the body makes, steroids reduce redness and swelling. This helps in conditions like asthma and eczema.
Steroids can also calm the immune system. This is helpful in autoimmune diseases, where the body attacks itself, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus.

Medical Uses of Steroids

Steroids are used to manage many health conditions. In asthma, they may be given as tablets, injections, or inhalers.
They are also useful in diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and other connective tissue disorders.
In people whose adrenal glands do not work properly, steroids are life-saving. They are also used during severe allergic reactions.

Steroids are grouped by how strong they are.

Types of Commonly Used Steroids

Hydrocortisone is the least potent.
Prednisolone is commonly used and has moderate strength.
Dexamethasone is very strong.
Fludrocortisone is used when the body needs mineral balance support.

Are There Side Effects?

When used carefully and as prescribed, steroids are very helpful. Problems usually occur when they are taken in high doses or for long periods.
One serious condition is Cushing’s syndrome, caused by excess steroids in the body.
If someone has been taking steroids for a long time, the dose must be reduced slowly. Stopping suddenly can be dangerous.

Medical Steroids vs Sports Steroids

Medical steroids are different from those used by some athletes. Sports steroids are called anabolic-androgenic steroids. These are related to male hormones.
Some people use them to build muscles and improve performance. Their use in sports is illegal. While they may give short-term benefits, they can cause serious health problems over time.

Long-Term Effects of Steroid Abuse

Long-term misuse can harm many organs. It may increase the risk of liver and kidney problems, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and mood changes.
The heart can become enlarged and weak, leading to rhythm problems and serious complications.
In men, steroids may reduce fertility, cause testicle shrinkage, and increase the risk of prostate problems.
Women may develop unwanted facial hair, voice changes, and menstrual problems.
In children, growth may slow down.

Preventing Steroid Abuse

Prevention is the best way to avoid steroid abuse. The first step is education.
Families and schools play an important role in teaching young people about the risks.
Understanding health consequences and the importance of fair play can help reduce misuse.
With the right information and support, people can make safer and healthier choices.