Japanese encephalitis (JE), a rare but serious mosquito-borne infection, continues to be a concern in regional Victoria, especially after recent flooding in northern parts of the state has led to a longer mosquito season.

Health authorities have updated the eligibility rules for the free JE vaccine to better protect people in high-risk areas.

Anyone aged 2 months or older who lives or works in eligible high-risk local government areas (LGAs) in Victoria can now receive the free vaccine.

In a temporary expansion, until 31 July 2026, people who plan to visit any of the 24 high-risk Victorian LGAs—or similar high-risk areas interstate—for outdoor activities such as camping, fishing, hiking, boating or hunting are also eligible.

People considered at increased risk of mosquito bites remain eligible regardless of where they live or work.

The Department of Health says Japanese encephalitis is spread through infected mosquito bites. While most cases are mild or show no symptoms, some can become severe and cause brain inflammation, seizures, long-term disability, or even death.

There is no specific treatment for the infection, so prevention is key. Authorities are urging eligible people to get vaccinated and take steps to avoid mosquito bites.

The program does not require Medicare eligibility, making the vaccine accessible to a wider group of people.

Health officials are encouraging anyone planning travel to high-risk areas to speak with their GP or local immunisation provider before leaving, to check eligibility and vaccination needs.

https://www.health.vic.gov.au/